Fact Check: Claim That Justice Department Is Suing Virginia for Removing Noncitizens from Voter Rolls Is Mixture of True and False

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Claim:

The U.S. Department of Justice sued the commonwealth of Virginia in October 2024 for attempting to remove noncitizens from voter rolls.

Rating:

Rating: Mixture
Rating: Mixture

What's True:

Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin signed an executive order on Aug. 7, 2024, that included a provision asking the state to remove voters who could not prove their citizenship from voting rolls. The U.S. Department of Justice has sued the commonwealth of Virginia over the executive order.

 

What's False:

The U.S. Department of Justice is not suing Virginia because it is attempting to remove noncitizens from voter rolls — it is suing because, under federal law, programs to systematically remove voters from voter rolls must be completed 90 days before the election. Youngkin signed his executive order to start the process exactly 90 days before the 2024 presidential election.

 

On Oct. 14, 2024, former U.S. President Donald Trump posted to his social media platform, Truth Social, alleging that the Justice Department had brought a lawsuit against the commonwealth of Virginia to block the state from removing "illegal voters" from the voter rolls. The claim was also shared by some of Trump's political allies, including Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin and Arkansas Sen. Tom Cotton.

Snopes found that the claim was based on some truth, but that it was misleading and needed context, so we rated it a mixture of truth and falsehood.

It is true that Youngkin signed an executive order that included a provision specifically requesting the state to audit its voter rolls for potential noncitizen voters. It also is true that the Department of Justice sued Virginia because of this executive order. However, it is not true that the lawsuit was brought to block Virginia from removing suspected noncitizens from its voting rolls.

The claim's phrasing implies that noncitizen voting is a common problem that would have gone unchecked without the order. It is not. Snopes has published a detailed investigation into Trump's claims of noncitizen voting and found that it is an almost nonexistent problem. Furthermore, Snopes found that almost all cases of noncitizens attempting to register to vote are discovered in the registration process, before a voter's name even makes it onto a voter roll.

The real reason the Department of Justice sued Virginia is because, under Section 8 of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993, all programs which "systematically remove the names of ineligible voters from the list of ineligible voters" must be completed 90 days before a federal election. The law is written this way as a way to prevent last-minute purges of voter rolls that could lead to otherwise eligible voters being barred from casting a ballot. It also allows exceptions if a voter asks to be removed, if a voter dies, if the voter is found guilty of a crime and would no longer be eligible to vote or if the voter is found to be mentally incapable.

Youngkin's executive order calling for the audit was signed exactly 90 days before the 2024 presidential election, meaning that election officials would not have had time to review their databases before the deadline. The Justice Department also brought a similar lawsuit against Alabama.

In a 6-3 decision on Oct. 30, the U.S. Supreme Court allowed Virginia to continue purging its voter rolls. The high court did not provide any reasoning for why it granted an emergency appeal from the state.

Sources:

Civil Rights Division | The National Voter Registration Act Of 1993 (NVRA). 6 Aug. 2015, https://www.justice.gov/crt/national-voter-registration-act-1993-nvra.

Doan, Laura. Trump Claims Justice Dept. Sued to Add "Illegal Voters" to the Rolls in Virginia. Here's a Fact Check. - CBS News. 14 Oct. 2024, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/virginia-trump-claims-justice-dept-sued-to-add-illegal-voters-to-the-rolls-fact-check/.

Izzo, Jack. "Despite Trump's Claims, Large Numbers of Noncitizens Don't Vote in US Elections." Snopes, 16 Oct. 2024, https://www.snopes.com//news/2024/10/16/undocumented-immigrants-voting/.

"Justice Department Sues Virginia for Its Voter Purge over Nonexistent 'Noncitizen Voting.'" MSNBC.Com, 12 Oct. 2024, https://www.msnbc.com/top-stories/latest/virginia-voter-purge-noncitizen-justice-department-lawsuit-rcna175155.

Sherman, Amy. "Trump Said the DOJ Is Suing Virginia to Allow Noncitizens to Vote. But That's Not the Case." Poynter, 16 Oct. 2024, https://www.poynter.org/fact-checking/2024/justice-department-suing-virginia-allow-illegal-immigrants-vote-no/.

Swift, Al. National Voter Registration Act of 1993. H.R.2, https://www.congress.gov/bill/103rd-congress/house-bill/2/text.

"Supreme Court's Conservative Justices Allow Virginia to Resume Its Purge of Voter Registrations." AP News, 30 Oct. 2024, https://apnews.com/article/supreme-court-virginia-voter-registration-purge-ba3d785d9d2d169d9c02207a42893757.

"US Justice Department Sues Virginia for Purging Voters before Election." Al Jazeera, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/12/us-justice-department-sues-virginia-for-purging-voters-before-election. Accessed 17 Oct. 2024.

"Why the DOJ Is Suing Virginia over State Voter Rolls: 'The Issue Here Is Both Legal and Political.'" CBS 6 News Richmond WTVR, 14 Oct. 2024, https://www.wtvr.com/news/local-news/virginia-voter-purge-roll-oct-14-2024.

Youngkin, Glenn. Executive Order No. 35 (2024). Office of the Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia, https://www.governor.virginia.gov/media/governorvirginiagov/governor-of-virginia/pdf/eo/EO-35-Comprehensive-Election-Security-Ensuring-Legal-Voters-and-Accurate-Counting---vF---8.7.24.pdf.

Updates:

Oct. 30, 2024: This article was updated to reflect a Supreme Court decision regarding Virginia's voter purge.