Holidaymakers warned of 'serious' infection risk after cruise ship outbreaks
Health experts have reminded British holidaymakers of the risks of contracting a serious infection while on board cruise ships as millions book their getaways for the year.
In October, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said its evidence suggested that private balcony hot tubs were responsible for two outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease on cruise ships from 2022 to 2024. A total of 12 cases of Legionnaires' disease were confirmed between November 2022 and June 2024, eight on one cruise ship and four on another, with the first being the largest outbreak of its kind since 2008.
Legionnaires' disease is a lung infection that can be contracted from inhaling droplets of water containing Legionella bacteria from things such as hot tubs, humidifiers or air conditioning. While it's uncommon, it can be very serious with symptoms including chest pain or discomfort, a cough, shortness of breath, a high temperature and flu-like symptoms, according to the NHS website.
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Reports this month have also emerged that there were confirmed cases of Legionnaires' disease in two guests who sailed on Royal Caribbean International's Symphony of the Seas cruise ship, one in October and one in December 2024. The cruise line is said to have sent letters to passengers who sailed at these times, informing them of the cases after notification by the CDC, as reported by Cruise Radio.
However, neither guest was diagnosed while onboard, and Royal Caribbean emphasised that there is no evidence the infections originated on the ship. "As a precautionary measure, we implemented heightened sanitation protocols and followed all CDC guidance," Royal Caribbean reportedly explained in its letter.
Hot tubs found on cruise ship balconies are "subject to less stringent operating requirements than are public hot tubs", the CDC noted, which contributed to the risk of Legionella bacteria growth. Experts at Legionella testing authority HydroHawk have now issued a reminder for travellers to be on "high alert" as Legionella remains a key concern for the cruise sector.
Greg Rankin, CEO at HydroHawk, said: "January is always a peak month for holiday bookings, and it's easy to see why with the dark nights and miserable weather. Cruises are a popular choice for many, offering an idyllic, all-inclusive experience with diverse itineraries and options catering to all ages, interests, and budgets.
"However, for the millions planning to embark on a cruise this year, it's crucial to be aware of the associated safety risks, particularly when it comes to Legionella, and to take proactive measures to address them. Cruise ships pose a higher risk for Legionella outbreaks, especially in facilities like hot tubs and spas, as evidenced by recent incidents in the sector.
"While cruise operators are well aware of these risks and implement stringent water management strategies to mitigate them, we strongly encourage British consumers to exercise additional caution."
The NHS advises asking for an urgent GP appointment or seeking help from NHS 111 if you have symptoms of Legionnaires' disease, such as:
A cough that's lasted 3 weeks or more
Coughing up blood
Chest pain that comes and goes, or happens when breathing or coughing
Feeling short of breath
You should inform them where you have been in the last 10 days, such as on a cruise, in a hotel, spa, or hospital. If you are diagnosed with Legionnaires' disease, you may need treatment in hospital, which could require being given oxygen through a face mask and antibiotics directly into a vein.